Monstera deliciosa is sometimes called Swiss cheese or window plant. It is also sometimes referred to as splitleaf philodendron but it is a closely related species rather than a true philodendron. The interesting leaves change in appearance as the plant matures. Young plants have leaves that may be entirely unbroken. As they develop, they acquire the characteristic windows and split edges.The reason for this adaptation is not fully understood but it is accomplished through a genetically encoded  process, unusual in the plant world, in which cells organize their own destruction through programmed cell death.

In the home, leaf perforations won't develop if the light is too low. During active growth (spring and summer), monsteras should be protected from direct sunlight, and placed in a position of bright, filtered light or slight shade. The leaves of trees outside the window or a sheer curtain will give your plant the protection it would have from a tropical tree canopy in its native rainforest. Alternatively, a position away from the window in a bright room will do.

In late fall and winter, the plant needs more direct, bright light. Providing that additional light exposure is essential to the health and attractive qualities of monsteras -- large, glossy leaves with well developed divisions.

You can find complete information on caring for a Monstera deliciosa houseplant in our Monstera Guide.

Interestingly, the tree philodendron is also sometimes called splitleaf philodendron. It has the botanical name Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum. This plant was, until 2018, called by the name Philodendron bipinnatifidum  but was reclassified after DNA analysis. Philodendron bipinnatifidum is still frequently used as a name, but is now considered a synonym. This plant also has divided leaves but is currently less popular as a houseplant and has a different care routine. Its young leaves may also emerge with wavy margins rather than deep divisions and then become more divided as they mature.

Courtesy of NYBG Plant Information Service